南湖新闻网讯(通讯员 苏启航)近日,我校动物科学技术学院、动物医学院动物遗传与环境生物工程团队在堆肥臭气处理研究中取得新进展,研究成果以“Synthetic microbial consortia to enhance the biodegradation of compost odor by biotrickling filter”为题在Bioresource Technology上发表。
堆肥是畜禽粪便无害化处理和资源化利用的主要方法,但其过程常伴随着氨、硫化氢以及其他挥发性有机物等有害气体的产生,对环境造成严重污染。生物滴滤法是一种成本低廉且高效的气味治理手段,特别是在真菌和细菌联合应用的情况下,生物滴滤法在降解恶臭气体上表现出更加卓越的性能。在此背景下,研究团队为筛选具有良好臭气降解效果的真菌和细菌菌株,将其引入生物滴滤塔,以提高臭气消减效率。
团队分离筛选了对氨氮具有良好降解能力的枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)、具有脱硫能力的蜡样芽胞杆菌(Bacillus cereus)和可降解二甲基二硫醚的裂褶菌(Schizophyllum commune)各1株,构建成高效除臭复合菌系并引入生物滴滤塔,成功实现了堆肥臭气中氨和硫化氢的高效去除,且去除率分别达到92.43%和92.75%。研究结果表明,与接种活性污泥相比,甲硫醇、甲硫醚和二甲基二硫醚的去除效果均显著提高。
此外,团队对接种复合菌系的生物滴滤塔不同时期的填料进行采样,利用16S rRNA高通量测序分析优势微生物群落。结果显示,伴随着生物滴滤塔的运行,生物群落的多样性趋于稳定,其中Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota, Bacteroidota和 Firmicutes是整个运行过程中的优势菌门,占全部微生物组成的90%以上。本研究为畜禽粪便堆肥臭气管理提供了一项高效且创新的解决方案,有助于提升生物滴滤塔除臭性能,同时也为畜禽养殖过程中臭气净化处理提供了有效策略。
图1 畜禽粪便堆肥臭气处理图片摘要
我校动物遗传与环境生物工程团队硕士研究生苏启航、戴敦武为论文共同第一作者,动科动医学院任竹青教授和吴健副教授为共同通讯作者。研究得到了湖北省自然科学基金联合基金重点项目、湖北省重点研发计划等项目的资助。
【英文摘要】
Composting generates odorous gases, including ammonia (NH3), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The Biological Trickling Filter (BTF) is effective for odor treatment, but it may have limitations with hydrophobic VOCs. In this study, a strain of Bacillus subtilis with ammonia-reducing ability, a strain of Bacillus cereus with desulfurization ability and a strain of Schizophyllum commune with the ability to degrade dimethyl disulfide were isolated and screened. The three strains were combined to create synthetic microbial consortia for enhancing odor treatment in the BTF. Compared to the activated sludge control, the BTF with synthetic microbial consortia removed 92.43% ammonia, 92.75% hydrogen sulfide. Furthermore, it demonstrated a significant improvement in the removal rates of p-methyl mercaptan, methyl sulfide, and dimethyl disulfide. High-throughput sequencing was conducted on the fillers of the synthetic microbial consortia-inoculated BTF to analyze the microbial community composition.
论文链接:https://authors.elsevier.com/sd/article/S0960-8524(23)01126-4
审核人:任竹青